The electric system of automobile mainly consists of five circuits. The five circuits are generating or charging system, starting system, lighting system, ignition system and accessories. The electrical system of a vehicle fulfills the two main functions. First, it supplies electrical energy to start and operate the engine. Secondly, it provides power to operate the lights, instruments and other electrical accessories. Every circuit is given a separate wire color code for easy detection.
The electrical components are connected to one side of battery through switches and the other side is connected to the chassis or body to complete the circuit. All the currents are from a battery usually of 12V except the current to the spark plug because it is boosted with 30,000V. The main components of the electrical system are.
Generating System or charging system | Ignition system | Starting system | Lighting system | Accessories |
| GeneratorAmmeter Switch The regulator The battery | Battery Starting motor Motor control | Ignition switchIgnition coil Distributor | Head lightsRear lights Indicators Interior lights Fog lights | Windshield wiperHeater Horn Radio Petrol gauges |
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